Stay away from resin as a beginner. It requires serious ventilation (ducts etc) and precautions which I’m assuming you don’t have planned. As for FDM, keep it in a room where you won’t be when it’s printing and make sure to crack a window open during printing or afterwards if you’re printing ABS/ASA as it’ll warp if you don’t have an enclosed printer.

Dust? That’s never been an issue for me. I’m sure I’m above average for serum microplastic levels, but stick with pla and PETG if you have poor ventilation near the printer. I think basic 3d printing is quite safe with low levels of toxicity. Don’t put the thing in the nursery or anything. Set it up in a low traffic room with decent ventilation and set up a remote monitoring system for it as you’ll want to keep an eye on it. Make sure it’s not too far from a smoke detector and have fun.

Yeah, dust is not what you need to care about. But it’s not good to have a printer indoors.

There are enclosed printers that you can plug ventilation ducts that solve this problem. Some have filters, but any filter without a molecular sieve (usually activated coal) won’t help you, because the problem isn’t with dust.

Resin printers also give you problems on handling the resin. It’s not enough to enclose those printers, you need protection equipment and a place to deal with the supplies and recent prints.

I have a particle counter (1, 2.5, and 10 μm) and don’t see any significant dust creation from my filament printer. As far as VOCs, I don’t remember seeing any significant rise from PLA, but ABS, ASA, and especially resin definitely do offgass significantly.

I keep my printers in my workshop along with my airbrushing stuff and a portable air purifier.