The octopus nervous system is among the most unusual on Earth. Unlike in other intelligent animals, it’s highly distributed, with a significant proportion of its 500 million-odd neurons spread throughout the eight arms. In fact, more neurons reside in the arms than in the octopus’s head.
Their arms are capable of making decisions independently and can even continue to react to stimuli after being severed. Each has more degrees of freedom than we can count, and any of its hundreds of suckers, able to “taste” the chemistry of the octopus’s environment, is able to change shape independently.
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Neuronal segmentation in cephalopod arms
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